The Paris Agreement is a landmark international agreement that aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. It was adopted in December 2015 by 195 countries and became effective in November 2016. The agreement is designed to encourage countries to take action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, adapt to the effects of climate change, and promote sustainable development.

So, which of the following provisions are included in the Paris Agreement?

1. Long-term temperature goal

The Paris Agreement’s primary goal is to keep the global temperature increase well below 2 degrees Celsius and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.

2. Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)

Under the Paris Agreement, each country is required to submit a nationally determined contribution (NDC) outlining its climate action plans. These NDCs should reflect the country’s highest possible ambition to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and should be reviewed and updated every five years.

3. Transparency and accountability

The Paris Agreement includes provisions for the transparency and accountability of countries’ actions and progress towards their NDCs. This includes a requirement for countries to regularly report on their emissions and actions taken to reduce them.

4. Adaptation

The Paris Agreement recognizes the importance of adapting to the impacts of climate change, particularly for vulnerable countries and communities. Developing countries are encouraged to build resilience to the impacts of climate change through adaptation measures and are supported in doing so by developed countries.

5. Climate finance

Developed countries have committed to providing financial resources to support developing countries in their efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change. The Paris Agreement sets out a goal of mobilizing $100 billion per year by 2020 and calls for developed countries to continue providing support beyond that date.

In conclusion, the Paris Agreement is a comprehensive international effort to address the challenges of climate change. Its provisions aim to keep the temperature rise well below 2 degrees Celsius, encourage countries to take action, and promote sustainable development. As we face the threat of climate change, it is critical that countries continue to work together to implement the Paris Agreement and protect our planet for future generations.